{"id":35415,"date":"2026-06-14T13:36:02","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T13:36:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/06\/14\/zeme-tukstantmecius-pasiekia-senos-supernovos-dulkes-astronomai-svarsto-ar-keliaujame-per-jos-liekanas\/"},"modified":"2026-06-14T13:36:02","modified_gmt":"2026-06-14T13:36:02","slug":"zeme-tukstantmecius-pasiekia-senos-supernovos-dulkes-astronomai-svarsto-ar-keliaujame-per-jos-liekanas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/06\/14\/zeme-tukstantmecius-pasiekia-senos-supernovos-dulkes-astronomai-svarsto-ar-keliaujame-per-jos-liekanas\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017dem\u0119 t\u016bkstantme\u010dius pasiekia senos supernovos dulk\u0117s: astronomai svarsto, ar keliaujame per jos liekanas"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u017dem\u0119 nuolat pasiekia dulk\u0117s i\u0161 kosmoso, ta\u010diau dalis j\u0173, kaip rodo tyrimai, yra gerokai egzoti\u0161kesn\u0117s kilm\u0117s. Mokslininkai \u012fvairiuose \u017dem\u0117s \u201earchyvuose\u201c aptinka izotop\u0173 p\u0117dsak\u0173, kurie siejami su seniai \u012fvykusiu \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117s sprogimu \u2013 supernova.<\/p>\n

Vienas svarbiausi\u0173 \u012fkal\u010di\u0173 \u2013 gele\u017eies-60 izotopas. Tai radioaktyvus elementas, kuris nat\u016braliai \u017dem\u0117je nesusidaro reik\u0161mingais kiekiais, o jo pus\u0117jimo trukm\u0117 yra apie 2,6 mln. met\u0173, tod\u0117l ilgainiui tur\u0117t\u0173 \u201ei\u0161nykti\u201c, jei papildymas nevykt\u0173. Vis d\u0117lto gele\u017eies-60 aptikta giliavandeni\u0173 nuos\u0117d\u0173 sluoksniuose ir ledo gr\u0119\u017einiuose, o tai leid\u017eia manyti, kad jis \u012f \u017dem\u0119 atkeliavo i\u0161 tarp\u017evaig\u017edin\u0117s erdv\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Mokslininkai taip pat analizuoja kit\u0173 ret\u0173 izotop\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, plutonio-244, pasiskirstym\u0105. Skirtingi izotopai padeda atskirti, ar med\u017eiaga gal\u0117jo atsirasti d\u0117l vieno konkretaus sprogimo, ar d\u0117l keli\u0173 \u012fvyki\u0173, vykusi\u0173 per ilg\u0105 laik\u0105. Tokie \u201ekosminiai para\u0161ai\u201c ypa\u010d vertingi, nes leid\u017eia kalb\u0117ti apie procesus, kurie vyko u\u017e Saul\u0117s sistemos rib\u0173.<\/p>\n

Kaip nustatoma dulki\u0173 kilm\u0117?<\/h2>\n

Izotopai ie\u0161komi sluoksniuotuose gamtos \u012fra\u0161uose \u2013 giliavanden\u0117se nuos\u0117dose, mangano plutoje vandenyn\u0173 dugne, taip pat poliariniuose ledo gr\u0119\u017einiuose. Ten med\u017eiaga kaupiasi l\u0117tai ir tvarkingai, tod\u0117l galima atsekti, kada \u012f \u017dem\u0119 pateko didesnis kiekis specifini\u0173 daleli\u0173.<\/p>\n

Kai kuri\u0173 darb\u0173 i\u0161vada \u2013 kosmin\u0117s dulk\u0117s gal\u0117jo ateiti ne atsitiktinai i\u0161 vis\u0173 pusi\u0173, o tur\u0117ti kryptingesn\u012f sraut\u0105. Tai siejama su vietine tarp\u017evaig\u017edine aplinka: Saul\u0117s sistema juda per nevienalyt\u0119 tarp\u017evaig\u017edin\u0119 terp\u0119, kurioje gali b\u016bti sen\u0173 sprogim\u0173 suformuot\u0173 med\u017eiagos \u201egij\u0173\u201c ar tankesni\u0173 debes\u0173.<\/p>\n

Ar tikrai skrendame per supernovos liekanas?<\/h2>\n

Astronomai jau seniai sieja gele\u017eies-60 signalus su santykinai netoliese Pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 Take vykusiais supernov\u0173 sprogimais, kurie gal\u0117jo prisid\u0117ti prie vadinamojo Vietinio burbulo formavimosi \u2013 retesni\u0173 duj\u0173 srities aplink Saul\u0119. Pagal modelius, keli supernov\u0173 sprogimai per paskutinius keliolika milijon\u0173 met\u0173 gal\u0117jo i\u0161p\u016bsti \u0161i\u0105 ertm\u0119, o j\u0173 i\u0161mestos med\u017eiagos dalis gal\u0117jo pasiekti ir \u017dem\u0119.<\/p>\n

Hipotez\u0117, kad dabar judame per konkretesn\u0119 supernovos liekan\u0173 strukt\u016br\u0105, remiasi bandymais susieti daleli\u0173 krypt\u012f ir j\u0173 pasiskirstym\u0105 su tam tikra dangaus sritimi. Vis d\u0117lto tai sud\u0117tinga: daleli\u0173 trajektorijas kei\u010dia Saul\u0117s v\u0117jas, heliosferos \u201ebarjeras\u201c, taip pat tarp\u017evaig\u017ediniai magnetiniai laukai, tod\u0117l vien tik kryptis dar neb\u016btinai rei\u0161kia ai\u0161kiai \u201ematom\u0105\u201c sprogimo p\u0117dsak\u0105.<\/p>\n

\u0160iuo metu dauguma mokslini\u0173 ai\u0161kinim\u0173 sutaria d\u0117l pagrindin\u0117s krypties: radioaktyv\u016bs izotopai \u017dem\u0117je yra realus netolim\u0173 supernov\u0173 \u012frodymas. Ta\u010diau klausimas, ar Saul\u0117s sistema \u0161iuo momentu kerta konkre\u010di\u0105 supernovos liekan\u0173 \u201ejuost\u0105\u201c, teb\u0117ra aktyvi\u0173 tyrim\u0173 tema, kuri priklauso nuo nauj\u0173 matavim\u0173, modeli\u0173 ir papildom\u0173 geochemini\u0173 duomen\u0173.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u017dem\u0117s nuos\u0117dose ir lede aptikti reti izotopai rodo supernov\u0173 kilm\u0117s dulkes, o astronomai ai\u0161kinasi, ar Saul\u0117s sistema kerta j\u0173 liekan\u0173 debes\u012f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":35416,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[13895,27107,6702,27106,27108,27109],"miestas":[],"class_list":["post-35415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energetika","tag-gelezis-60","tag-kosmines-dulkes","tag-saules-sistema","tag-supernova","tag-tarpzvaigzdine-terpe","tag-vietinis-burbulas"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35415"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35415\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35415"},{"taxonomy":"miestas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/miestas?post=35415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}