Dar XX am\u017eiaus prad\u017eioje i\u0161 Piet\u0173 Afrikos \u012f Kalifornij\u0105 buvo atve\u017etas sukulentas Carpobrotus edulis, da\u017enai vadinamas ledine \u017eole. Tuomet jis atrod\u0117 prakti\u0161kas sprendimas sm\u0117lingoms vietoms sutvirtinti, ypa\u010d \u0161alia keli\u0173 ir gele\u017einkeli\u0173, kur v\u0117jas lengvai i\u0161ne\u0161iodavo grunt\u0105.<\/p>\n
I\u0161 pirmo \u017evilgsnio augalas nekelia \u012ftarim\u0173: stori, trikampiai lapai i\u0161lieka \u017eali net at\u0161iauresn\u0117mis s\u0105lygomis, o ry\u0161k\u016bs \u017eiedai paskatino j\u012f naudoti ir dekoratyviniam ap\u017eeldinimui. Ta\u010diau \u012fsitvirtin\u0119s jis ima plisti itin spar\u010diai ir formuoja tank\u0173 kilim\u0105.<\/p>\n
PlantRight duomenimis, vienas kr\u016bmas per metus gali i\u0161augti ma\u017edaug 1 metro skersmeniu, o bendrai i\u0161sipl\u0117sti iki keli\u0173 de\u0161im\u010di\u0173 metr\u0173. \u016agliai lengvai \u012fsi\u0161aknija, o vaisiuose b\u016bna \u0161imtai s\u0117kl\u0173, kurias i\u0161ne\u0161ioja gyv\u016bnai, tod\u0117l sustabdyti plitim\u0105 tampa sud\u0117tinga.<\/p>\n
Ekologin\u0117 problema slypi ne vien konkurencijoje su vietiniais augalais. Pakran\u010di\u0173 kopos i\u0161 prigimties yra judrios, o v\u0117jas ir bangos nuolat perne\u0161a sm\u0117l\u012f, prie to prisitaikiusios vietin\u0117s r\u016b\u0161ys.<\/p>\n
Tanki ledin\u0117s \u017eol\u0117s danga \u0161\u012f jud\u0117jim\u0105 slopina ir fiksuoja sm\u0117l\u012f vietoje, keisdama nat\u016bralius kop\u0173 formavimosi procesus. Tyrimuose taip pat pabr\u0117\u017eiama, kad augalas gali didinti dirvo\u017eemio druskingum\u0105, sudaryti \u0161e\u0161\u0117l\u012f kaimyniniams augalams, o irimas palieka daugiau organikos sm\u0117lyje, sudarydamas palankesnes s\u0105lygas kitiems invaziniams augalams.<\/p>\n
Mokslin\u0117je literat\u016broje pa\u017eymima, kad plitimui \u012ftakos turi keli veiksniai: dirvo\u017eemio pa\u017eeidimai, \u017eol\u0117d\u017ei\u0173 gyv\u016bn\u0173 poveikis ir konkurencija su kitomis r\u016b\u0161imis. Kitaip tariant, pakanka sutrikdyti nat\u016brali\u0105 pakrant\u0117s dang\u0105, kad invazinis augalas gaut\u0173 prog\u0105 \u012fsitvirtinti.<\/p>\n
Pa\u0161alinti \u0161\u012f \u201e\u017eali\u0105 kilim\u0105\u201c sunku ir prakti\u0161kai. Net ma\u017eas stiebo fragmentas gali prigyti i\u0161 naujo, o atidengtas gruntas po i\u0161rovimo suteikia vietos at\u017eelti likusioms dalims ar s\u0117kloms.<\/p>\n
\u201eVien i\u0161rauti nepakanka: net ir pa\u0161alinus augal\u0105, dirvo\u017eemis dar ilgai i\u0161lieka pakit\u0119s, o vietin\u0117ms r\u016b\u0161ims sugr\u012f\u017eti b\u016bna sud\u0117tinga\u201c, \u2013 teigiama mokslini\u0173 publikacij\u0173 ap\u017evalgose apie invazini\u0173 pakran\u010di\u0173 augal\u0173 poveik\u012f.<\/p>\n
D\u0117l to pakran\u010di\u0173 atk\u016brimas paprastai reikalauja ne tik mechaninio \u0161alinimo, bet ir vietini\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 atsodinimo bei nuolatin\u0117s kontrol\u0117s, kad teritorija neb\u016bt\u0173 u\u017ekariauta pakartotinai. Ypa\u010d tai aktualu vietov\u0117se, kur vyrauja s\u016brus oras, sausros, stipr\u016bs v\u0117jai ir nuolat judantis sm\u0117lis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ledin\u0117 \u017eol\u0117 \u012f Kalifornij\u0105 buvo atve\u017eta kopoms ir \u0161laitams tvirtinti, ta\u010diau dabar ji spar\u010diai plinta, kei\u010dia kop\u0173 dinamik\u0105 ir i\u0161stumia vietines r\u016b\u0161is.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[685,34020,101,8490,34021,34019,34022],"miestas":[],"class_list":["post-44017","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technologijos","tag-biologine-ivairove","tag-carpobrotus-edulis","tag-ekologija","tag-invaziniai-augalai","tag-kalifornijos-pakrante","tag-ledine-zole","tag-pakranciu-kopos"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44017","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44017"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44017\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44017"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44017"},{"taxonomy":"miestas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/miestas?post=44017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}