{"id":54159,"date":"2026-09-14T11:50:25","date_gmt":"2026-09-14T11:50:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/09\/14\/tailande-aptiko-velnio-gele-ji-beveik-juoda-neturi-chlorofilo-ir-isgyvena-be-saules\/"},"modified":"2026-09-14T11:50:25","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T11:50:25","slug":"tailande-aptiko-velnio-gele-ji-beveik-juoda-neturi-chlorofilo-ir-isgyvena-be-saules","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/09\/14\/tailande-aptiko-velnio-gele-ji-beveik-juoda-neturi-chlorofilo-ir-isgyvena-be-saules\/","title":{"rendered":"Tailande aptiko \u201evelnio g\u0117l\u0119\u201c: ji beveik juoda, neturi chlorofilo ir i\u0161gyvena be saul\u0117s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vakar\u0173 Tailande, Thong Pha Phum nacionaliniame parke, mokslininkai apra\u0161\u0117 nauj\u0105 itin ne\u012fprast\u0105 augal\u0173 r\u016b\u0161\u012f \u2013 Thismia daemona, pramint\u0105 \u201evelnio g\u0117le\u201c. Ji i\u0161siskiria beveik juoda \u017eiedo spalva, trimis ragus primenan\u010diomis ataugomis ir ry\u0161kiais oran\u017einiais plotais, d\u0117l kuri\u0173 augalas atrodo tarsi i\u0161 fantastinio filmo.<\/p>\n

\u0160i r\u016b\u0161is lau\u017eo vien\u0105 pagrindini\u0173 augal\u0173 \u201etaisykli\u0173\u201c: jai nereikia saul\u0117s \u0161viesos, nes ji neturi chlorofilo. Tai rei\u0161kia, kad augalas nefotosintetina ir pats nepasigamina maisto, kaip tai daro dauguma mums pa\u017e\u012fstam\u0173 augal\u0173.<\/p>\n

Kaip augalas i\u0161gyvena be \u0161viesos?<\/h2>\n

Atsakymas slypi po \u017eeme: Thismia daemona minta per grybus, gyvenan\u010dius dirvo\u017eemyje. Tokia strategija vadinama mikohterotrofija \u2013 augalas per gryb\u0173 tinkl\u0105 gauna anglies jungini\u0173 ir kit\u0173 maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, kuri\u0173 pats pasigaminti negali.<\/p>\n

D\u0117l \u0161ios prie\u017easties did\u017ei\u0105j\u0105 gyvenimo dal\u012f augalas praleid\u017eia pasisl\u0117p\u0119s po mi\u0161ko paklote. Vir\u0161 \u017eem\u0117s jis pasirodo trumpam \u2013 da\u017eniausiai tik pra\u017eysti ir subrandinti vaisius, tod\u0117l tokias r\u016b\u0161is aptikti ypa\u010d sunku.<\/p>\n

Netik\u0117ta vieta ir svarbi i\u0161vada<\/h2>\n

R\u016b\u0161is aptikta 930\u2013970 metr\u0173 auk\u0161tyje vir\u0161 j\u016bros lygio, sezoniniame kaln\u0173 mi\u0161ke. Tyr\u0117jams tai buvo staigmena, nes Thismia genties augalai da\u017eniau siejami su nuolat dr\u0117gnais \u017eemum\u0173 atogr\u0105\u017e\u0173 mi\u0161kais, o ne su auk\u0161tesn\u0117mis ir sezoni\u0161kesn\u0117mis buvein\u0117mis.<\/p>\n

\u201eThismia daemona atradimas buvo did\u017eiul\u0117 staigmena\u201c, \u2013 sak\u0117 Princas of Songkla universiteto botanikas Sahutas Chantanaorrapintas, pabr\u0117\u017e\u0119s, kad tai rodo platesn\u012f \u0161ios grup\u0117s ekologin\u012f prisitaikym\u0105, nei manyta anks\u010diau.<\/p>\n

Kod\u0117l mokslininkai jau kalba apie gr\u0117sm\u0119?<\/h2>\n

Nors augalas aptiktas saugomoje teritorijoje, \u017einoma tik viena jo populiacija, kurioje \u2013 ma\u017eiau nei 50 individ\u0173. Ji u\u017eima ma\u017eesn\u012f nei 0,05 kvadratinio kilometro plot\u0105, tod\u0117l net menkiausi buvein\u0117s poky\u010diai gali tur\u0117ti didel\u012f poveik\u012f.<\/p>\n

Nacionalinis parkas yra lankomas turist\u0173, o tokie augalai lengvai nepastebimi ir gali b\u016bti tiesiog nety\u010dia sumindomi. Be to, jiems b\u016btinas stabilus mi\u0161ko paklot\u0117s mikroklimatas ir dirvo\u017eemio gryb\u0173 bendrijos, tad pa\u017eeidus aplink\u0105 rizikuojama nutraukti vis\u0105 mitybos grandin\u0119.<\/p>\n

Tyrimo autoriai r\u016b\u0161\u012f preliminariai \u012fvertino kaip kriti\u0161kai nykstan\u010di\u0105 pagal Tarptautin\u0117s gamtos apsaugos s\u0105jungos kriterijus, nors tai dar nerei\u0161kia automatinio \u012ftraukimo \u012f IUCN Raudon\u0105j\u012f s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105. Pasak mokslinink\u0173, tokie atradimai primena, kad net gerai \u017einomos ir saugomos vietov\u0117s gali sl\u0117pti iki \u0161iol mokslui ne\u017einom\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vakar\u0173 Tailande aptikta nauja \u201evelnio g\u0117l\u0117\u201c Thismia daemona: ji neturi chlorofilo, nefotosintetina ir maitinasi per dirvo\u017eemio grybus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":54160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[685,347,31908,41804,6706,8488,41803],"miestas":[],"class_list":["post-54159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mokslas","tag-biologine-ivairove","tag-grybai","tag-iucn","tag-mykoheterotrofija","tag-nacionaliniai-parkai","tag-tailandas","tag-thismia-daemona"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54159\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/54160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54159"},{"taxonomy":"miestas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/miestas?post=54159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}