{"id":54834,"date":"2026-09-16T14:35:43","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T14:35:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/09\/16\/astronomai-aptiko-84-paslaptingus-objektus-slepiasi-galaktikose-ir-gali-keisti-supernovu-istorija\/"},"modified":"2026-09-16T14:35:43","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T14:35:43","slug":"astronomai-aptiko-84-paslaptingus-objektus-slepiasi-galaktikose-ir-gali-keisti-supernovu-istorija","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/09\/16\/astronomai-aptiko-84-paslaptingus-objektus-slepiasi-galaktikose-ir-gali-keisti-supernovu-istorija\/","title":{"rendered":"Astronomai aptiko 84 paslaptingus objektus: slepiasi galaktikose ir gali keisti supernov\u0173 istorij\u0105"},"content":{"rendered":"

Astronomai, analizuodami NASA orbitin\u0117s observatorijos Chandra rentgeno teleskopo archyvinius duomenis, netoliese esan\u010diose galaktikose aptiko 84 ne\u012fprastus \u0161altinius, kuri\u0173 spinduliuot\u0117 iki \u0161iol praslydo pro akis. Tyr\u0117j\u0173 teigimu, tai gali b\u016bti gerokai didesn\u0117s, anks\u010diau nepasteb\u0117tos objekt\u0173 populiacijos tik \u201ematomiausi\u201c atstovai.<\/p>\n

\u0160ie objektai pavadinti hipermink\u0161tais rentgeno \u0161altiniais. Nors jie gali i\u0161spinduliuoti \u0161imtus t\u016bkstan\u010di\u0173 ar net milijonus kart\u0173 daugiau energijos nei Saul\u0117, did\u017eioji dalis j\u0173 spinduliuot\u0117s, tik\u0117tina, tenka itin trumpabangiams ultravioletiniams spinduliams, kuriuos sugeria tarp\u017evaig\u017edin\u0117s dujos ir dulk\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Kas juos daro beveik nematomus?<\/h2>\n

Chandra teleskopas tokiu atveju u\u017efiksuoja tik silpn\u0105, \u017eemos energijos rentgeno spinduli\u0173 \u201euodeg\u0105\u201c, tod\u0117l \u0161altiniai atrodo blank\u016bs ir lengvai supainiojami su triuk\u0161mu. Be to, teleskopo jautrumas pa\u010diose \u017eemiausiose energijose laikui b\u0117gant ma\u017e\u0117jo d\u0117l detektori\u0173 tar\u0161os, tad pana\u0161i\u0173 objekt\u0173 gali b\u016bti gerokai daugiau.<\/p>\n

Komanda hipermink\u0161tus \u0161altinius aptiko \u0161e\u0161iose galaktikose, vienoje j\u0173 skai\u010dius siek\u0117 nuo 7 iki 21. Tarp tirt\u0173 sistem\u0173 minimos Andromedos galaktika ir M101, o dalis \u0161altini\u0173 pasikartojo tose pa\u010diose koordinat\u0117se skirting\u0173 laikotarpi\u0173 steb\u0117jimuose, kas rodo, kad tai n\u0117ra atsitiktin\u0117s detektoriaus paklaidos.<\/p>\n

Kokie tai objektai?<\/h2>\n

Mokslininkai pabr\u0117\u017eia, kad hipermink\u0161tumas grei\u010diau apib\u016bdina stebim\u0105 spinduliuot\u0119, o ne vien\u0105 konkret\u0173 dangaus k\u016bn\u0173 tip\u0105. Tarp kandidat\u0173 minimos baltosios nyk\u0161tuk\u0117s, neseniai \u012fvyk\u0119 nov\u0173 prover\u017eiai, taip pat sistemos su neutronin\u0117mis \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117mis ar juodosiomis skyl\u0117mis, kurios aktyviai \u201emaitinasi\u201c med\u017eiaga i\u0161 kompaniono.<\/p>\n

Objekt\u0173 pad\u0117tis galaktikose suteikia papildom\u0173 u\u017euomin\u0173. Pavyzd\u017eiui, M101 dalis \u0161altini\u0173 rikiuojasi palei spiralines vijas, kur gausu jaun\u0173 \u017evaig\u017ed\u017ei\u0173 formavimosi sri\u010di\u0173, o elipsin\u0117se galaktikose j\u0173 daugiau ten, kur dominuoja senesn\u0117s \u017evaig\u017ed\u017ei\u0173 populiacijos; tyr\u0117j\u0173 vertinimu, su foniniais, nesusijusiais \u0161altiniais gali b\u016bti supainiota ma\u017eiau nei 3 proc. aptikt\u0173 ta\u0161k\u0173.<\/p>\n

Kod\u0117l tai gali b\u016bti svarbu supernovoms?<\/h2>\n

Viena svarbiausi\u0173 hipotezi\u0173 sieja dal\u012f \u0161i\u0173 \u0161altini\u0173 su baltosiomis nyk\u0161tuk\u0117mis, kurios ilg\u0105 laik\u0105 kaupia dujas i\u0161 kompanion\u0117s \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117s. Toks kaupimas gali priartinti balt\u0105j\u0105 nyk\u0161tuk\u0119 prie ribos, kai \u012fvyksta Ia tipo supernova, ypa\u010d svarbi kosmini\u0173 atstum\u0173 matavimams ir Visatos pl\u0117timosi tyrimams.<\/p>\n

Astrofizikoje ilg\u0105 laik\u0105 aptariamas neatitikimas: Ia tipo supernov\u0173 stebima daug, ta\u010diau potenciali\u0173 \u201eparuo\u0161t\u0173\u201c j\u0173 pirmtak\u0173 aptinkama per ma\u017eai. Jei bent dalis hipermink\u0161t\u0173 \u0161altini\u0173 yra b\u016btent tokios, branduolin\u012f degim\u0105 palaikan\u010dios ir med\u017eiag\u0105 kaupian\u010dios baltosios nyk\u0161tuk\u0117s, tai gal\u0117t\u0173 u\u017epildyti dal\u012f \u0161ios spragos.<\/p>\n

Tyr\u0117jai pabr\u0117\u017eia, kad ne visi \u0161ie 84 \u0161altiniai b\u016btinai baigsis supernova, o populiacija, tik\u0117tina, yra mi\u0161ri. Vis d\u0117lto net keli patikimai identifikuoti b\u016bsim\u0173 Ia tipo supernov\u0173 kandidatai suteikt\u0173 ret\u0105 galimyb\u0119 steb\u0117ti procesus, vykstan\u010dius dar iki sprogimo.<\/p>\n

Norint tiksliau nustatyti, kas slepiasi u\u017e hipermink\u0161to spindesio, reik\u0117s geriau \u012fvertinti \u0161altini\u0173 temperat\u016bras ir spektrus, ypa\u010d derinant beveik vienalaikius ultravioletini\u0173 ir rentgeno spinduli\u0173 steb\u0117jimus. Tyrimas paskelbtas \u017eurnale Nature Astronomy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

NASA Chandra duomenyse aptikti 84 hipermink\u0161ti rentgeno \u0161altiniai gali atskleisti pasl\u0117ptus Ia tipo supernov\u0173 pirmtakus ir nauj\u0105 objekt\u0173 populiacij\u0105.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":54835,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[42281,42283,13884,42282,1544,24508,13894],"miestas":[],"class_list":["post-54834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mokslas","tag-andromedos-galaktika","tag-baltosios-nykstukes","tag-chandra","tag-m101","tag-nasa","tag-rentgeno-spinduliai","tag-supernovos"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54834"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54834\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/54835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54834"},{"taxonomy":"miestas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/miestas?post=54834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}