Nors nakties danguje \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117s atrodo balk\u0161vos, j\u0173 spalvos spektras platus: nuo raudon\u0173 iki melsv\u0173 atspalvi\u0173. Ta\u010diau ry\u0161kiai \u017eali\u0173 \u017evaig\u017ed\u017ei\u0173 beveik neaptinkama, nes \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117s skleid\u017eia \u0161vies\u0105 daugelyje bang\u0173 ilgi\u0173, o \u017emogaus akis sum\u0105 da\u017eniausiai suvokia kaip balt\u0105 ar gelsv\u0105.<\/p>\n
Mokslininkai paskelb\u0117 aptik\u0119 i\u0161imt\u012f: balt\u0105j\u0105 nyk\u0161tuk\u0119 WD J1330+6435, kuri, pagal skai\u010diavimus, i\u0161 arti atrodyt\u0173 \u012fsp\u016bdingai \u017ealsva. Tyrimui vadovavo Varviko universiteto astrofizikas Markas Hollandsas, o rezultatai publikuoti \u017eurnale RAS Techniques and Instruments.<\/p>\n
Baltosios nyk\u0161tuk\u0117s yra mirusi\u0173 \u017evaig\u017ed\u017ei\u0173 liku\u010diai: kai Saul\u0117s tipo \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117s i\u0161naudoja branduolin\u012f kur\u0105, jos nusimeta i\u0161orinius sluoksnius, o \u0161erdis lieka kaip itin tankus objektas. Tokiame k\u016bne mas\u0117 gali prilygti Saulei, bet dydis b\u016bti pana\u0161us \u012f \u017dem\u0117s.<\/p>\n
\u0160i\u0173 objekt\u0173 gravitacija tokia didel\u0117, kad j\u0173 atmosferos tampa ne\u012fprastai tankios, o atomai joje s\u0105veikauja kitaip nei \u012fprastose \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117se. D\u0117l to elementai sugeria \u0161vies\u0105 platesn\u0117se spektro juostose ir gali \u201ei\u0161ry\u0161kinti\u201c netik\u0117tus atspalvius.<\/p>\n
Mokslininkai atrinko kelias de\u0161imtis ne\u012fprast\u0173 spektrini\u0173 savybi\u0173 balt\u0173j\u0173 nyk\u0161tuki\u0173 ir modeliais apskai\u010diavo, kaip j\u0173 \u0161vies\u0105 suvokt\u0173 \u017emogaus akis. Simuliacijos parod\u0117, kad kai kurios j\u0173 atrodyt\u0173 rausvos, violetin\u0117s, \u017eydros ar melsvos, tarsi \u201eu\u017edraust\u0173\u201c atspalvi\u0173 \u012fprastoms \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117ms.<\/p>\n
WD J1330+6435 i\u0161siskyr\u0117 labiausiai: jos pavir\u0161iaus temperat\u016bra siekia apie 4 240 kelvin\u0173, ta\u010diau svarbiausias veiksnys yra atmosferos chemija. Natrio sugertis, pasak tyr\u0117j\u0173, pla\u010diai \u201eu\u017edengia\u201c oran\u017ein\u0119 ir gelsv\u0105 spektro dal\u012f, o kalcis slopina violetin\u0119, tod\u0117l regimoje \u0161viesoje sustipr\u0117ja \u017ealias atspalvis.<\/p>\n
\u201e\u0160ios baltosios nyk\u0161tuk\u0117s atmosferoje esantys natrio p\u0117dsakai sugeria oran\u017ein\u0119 spektro dal\u012f, palikdami vaiduokli\u0161k\u0105 \u017eali\u0105 \u0161vyt\u0117jim\u0105\u201c, \u2013 sak\u0117 Markas Hollandsas.<\/p>\n
Tyr\u0117jai atkreip\u0117 d\u0117mes\u012f, kad WD J1330+6435 atmosferoje fiksuojami tokie elementai kaip natris, kalcis ir litis. Tokie \u201emetalai\u201c (astronomijoje taip vadinami sunkesni u\u017e hel\u012f elementai) balt\u0173j\u0173 nyk\u0161tuki\u0173 atmosferose da\u017enai laikomi u\u017euomina, kad \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117 \u012f save \u201e\u012ftrauk\u0117\u201c uolini\u0173 k\u016bn\u0173 liekanas.<\/p>\n
Tokie po\u017eymiai svarb\u016bs tiriant mirusi\u0173 planetini\u0173 sistem\u0173 istorij\u0105, nes balt\u0173j\u0173 nyk\u0161tuki\u0173 spektrai gali veikti kaip chemin\u0117 \u201eataskaita\u201c apie suirusias planetas, asteroidus ar j\u0173 nuolau\u017eas. Tyr\u0117jai taip pat pabr\u0117\u017e\u0117, kad ne kiekviena ne\u012fprasta spalva automati\u0161kai rei\u0161kia planetin\u0117s med\u017eiagos \u201ekanibalizm\u0105\u201c, ta\u010diau spalviniai ir spektriniai nukrypimai tampa vis svarbesniu diagnostikos \u012frankiu.<\/p>\n
Analiz\u0117je, kurioje vertinta 152 netolimos baltosios nyk\u0161tuk\u0117s, tyr\u0117jai nustat\u0117, kad tik penkios tur\u0117jo spalvas, ry\u0161kiai nukrypstan\u010dias nuo t\u0173, kurias b\u016bt\u0173 galima paai\u0161kinti vien temperat\u016bra. Tai rodo, kad ypa\u010d ne\u012fprasti atspalviai yra reti, bet moksli\u0161kai vertingi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Astronomai modeliais parod\u0117, kad baltoji nyk\u0161tuk\u0117 WD J1330+6435 i\u0161 arti atrodyt\u0173 \u017ealia, o tok\u012f atspalv\u012f lemia itin tanki atmosfera ir joje esantis natris.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":65188,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[5263,50086,50090,33976,50088,50089,50087],"miestas":[],"class_list":["post-65187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mokslas","tag-astronomija","tag-baltoji-nykstuke","tag-planetines-sistemos","tag-spektroskopija","tag-varviko-universitetas","tag-wd-j13306435","tag-zvaigzdes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65187"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65187\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/65188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65187"},{"taxonomy":"miestas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/miestas?post=65187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}