{"id":69283,"date":"2026-11-09T17:37:42","date_gmt":"2026-11-09T17:37:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/11\/09\/havaju-genys-su-sveicarisku-snapu-mokslininkus-nustebino-is-kur-jis-gauna-smugio-jega\/"},"modified":"2026-11-09T17:37:42","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T17:37:42","slug":"havaju-genys-su-sveicarisku-snapu-mokslininkus-nustebino-is-kur-jis-gauna-smugio-jega","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/2026\/11\/09\/havaju-genys-su-sveicarisku-snapu-mokslininkus-nustebino-is-kur-jis-gauna-smugio-jega\/","title":{"rendered":"Havaj\u0173 \u201egenys\u201c su \u201e\u0161veicari\u0161ku\u201c snapu: mokslininkus nustebino, i\u0161 kur jis gauna sm\u016bgio j\u0117g\u0105"},"content":{"rendered":"

Havajuose niekada nat\u016braliai neapsigyveno geniai, ta\u010diau evoliucija salose \u201eu\u017epild\u0117 sprag\u0105\u201c \u2013 taip atsirado ma\u017eas geltonas pauk\u0161tis \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau, da\u017enai vadinamas Havaj\u0173 geniu.<\/p>\n

Jis med\u017eioja vabzd\u017eius medienoje naudodamas ne\u012fprast\u0105 snap\u0105, primenant\u012f tarsi i\u0161 dviej\u0173 skirting\u0173 pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 \u201esukomplektuot\u0105\u201c \u012frank\u012f: viena dalis veikia kaip kaltas, kita \u2013 kaip lankstus zondas.<\/p>\n

Naujas tyrimas rodo, kad keis\u010diausia \u0161io pauk\u0161\u010dio prisitaikymo detal\u0117 gali b\u016bti ne snapas. Kaip prane\u0161a naujien\u0173 agent\u016bra \u201eReuters\u201c, mokslininkai \u012ftaria, kad dal\u012f \u201ekirtimo\u201c j\u0117gos \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau gauna i\u0161 p\u0117d\u0173 ir \u010diurn\u0173.<\/p>\n

Kitaip nei geniai, kurie daugiausia remiasi galvos ir kaklo raumenimis, \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau, pana\u0161u, \u012f kiekvien\u0105 sm\u016bg\u012f \u012fdeda vis\u0105 k\u016bn\u0105 \u2013 tai leid\u017eia jam i\u0161skobti med\u012f ir pasiekti lervas.<\/p>\n

Snapas kaip du \u012frankiai viename<\/h2>\n

Pauk\u0161\u010dio maisto paie\u0161kos technika prasideda nuo \u0161akos \u201e\u017evalgybos\u201c \u2013 jis gali \u0161velniai baksnoti vir\u0161utine snapo dalimi, tarsi tikrindamas, ar po \u017eieve n\u0117ra tu\u0161\u010di\u0173 ertmi\u0173.<\/p>\n

Aptik\u0119s tinkam\u0105 viet\u0105, \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau pla\u010diai i\u0161si\u017eioja ir saugiai atitraukia plonesn\u0119 vir\u0161utin\u0119 snapo dal\u012f. Tada trumpesne, tvirtesne apatine dalimi kartotinai kala \u012f med\u012f, kol i\u0161kala ang\u0105.<\/p>\n

Kai skyl\u0117 pakankamai didel\u0117, pauk\u0161tis \u201epersijungia\u201c \u2013 \u012f ang\u0105 \u012fki\u0161a plon\u0105 vir\u0161utin\u0119 snapo dal\u012f ir judina j\u0105 \u012f \u0161onus, ie\u0161kodamas vabzd\u017ei\u0173 lerv\u0173.<\/p>\n

Tyr\u0117jai nustat\u0117, kad \u0161i vir\u0161utin\u0117 dalis yra steb\u0117tinai lanksti: jos kaulinis pagrindas yra apie 38 proc. trumpesnis nei j\u012f dengiantis keratino \u201eapvalkalas\u201c. Manoma, tai padeda pasiekti siaurus ply\u0161ius nesulau\u017eant snapo.<\/p>\n

Netik\u0117ta sm\u016bgio j\u0117gos paslaptis<\/h2>\n

Tyrimo autoriai nagrin\u0117jo tris muziejuose saugomus \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau griau\u010di\u0173 egzempliorius ir lygino j\u0173 anatomij\u0105 su \u017eemynini\u0173 kikili\u0173 giminai\u010diais.<\/p>\n

Pasteb\u0117ta, kad \u0161io pauk\u0161\u010dio \u0161launikaulis yra santykinai trumpas ir tvirtas \u2013 tai gali pad\u0117ti i\u0161laikyti \u017eem\u0105 svorio centr\u0105, kai jis kabinasi ant \u0161ak\u0173.<\/p>\n

Did\u017eiausias atradimas \u2013 ne\u012fprastai i\u0161vystyta raumens, lenkian\u010dio \u010diurn\u0105, tvirtinimosi vieta. Tokia sandara leid\u017eia sp\u0117ti, kad \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau gali galingai sulenkti \u010diurnas ir taip \u201est\u016bm\u0117ti\u201c k\u016bn\u0105 \u017eemyn sm\u016bgio metu.<\/p>\n

Mokslinink\u0173 vertinimu, tai rei\u0161kia, kad pauk\u0161tis kala \u012f med\u012f ne vien galva ar kaklu, o veikiau \u201es\u016bpuoja\u201c vis\u0105 k\u016bn\u0105 \u2013 beveik kaip kirv\u012f.<\/p>\n

Evoliucijos sutvertas \u201eHavaj\u0173 genys\u201c \u2013 nykstanti r\u016b\u0161is<\/h2>\n

\u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau priklauso Havaj\u0173 medune\u0161i\u0173 (honeycreepers) grupei \u2013 tai i\u0161 bendro prot\u0117vio i\u0161sivys\u010diusi \u012fsp\u016bdinga pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 \u012fvairov\u0117, gars\u0117janti specializuotais snapais.<\/p>\n

Ta\u010diau \u0161is evoliucinis \u201ein\u017einerijos\u201c stebuklas \u0161iandien atsid\u016br\u0119s pavojuje. \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau laikomas nykstan\u010dia r\u016b\u0161imi: skai\u010diuojama, kad gamtoje j\u0173 gali b\u016bti ma\u017eiau nei 2 000, ir visi jie gyvena tik Did\u017eiojoje Havaj\u0173 saloje.<\/p>\n

Gr\u0117smi\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161as ilgas \u2013 buveini\u0173 nykimas, \u012fve\u017etiniai pl\u0117\u0161r\u016bnai ir uod\u0173 platinamos pauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 ligos. Be to, \u0161ylant klimatui uodai gali pasiekti vis auk\u0161tesnes vietoves, kurios anks\u010diau vietiniams pauk\u0161\u010diams buvo saugesn\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Tyrimas publikuotas mokslo \u017eurnale \u201eOrnithology\u201c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Havajuose gyvenantis \u02bbakiap\u014dl\u0101\u02bbau turi snap\u0105 tarsi \u201e\u0161veicari\u0161k\u0105 peil\u012f\u201c, o tyrimas rodo, kad sm\u016bgio j\u0117g\u0105 jam gali suteikti ir p\u0117dos bei \u010diurnos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36322],"tags":[54623,54624,51723,54626,54627,54625,3440],"miestas":[],"class_list":["post-69283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-idomybes","tag-akiapolaau","tag-havaju-salos","tag-konvergentine-evoliucija","tag-nykstantys-pauksciai","tag-ornithology","tag-pauksciu-anatomija","tag-pauksciu-evoliucija"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69283"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69283\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69283"},{"taxonomy":"miestas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cp.snarskis.lt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/miestas?post=69283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}